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The Alliance for Automotive Innovation has released its comprehensive state-by-state analysis of the U.S. electric vehicle (EV) market for Q4 and the full year of 2023.
The “Get Connected Electric Vehicle Report” provides an overview of EV sales and purchasing trends across all 50 states.
Key findings include:
- Availability of 114 EV cars, utility vehicles, pickup trucks, and van models for sale in the U.S. in Q4 2023, with light truck sales accounting for 78 percent of the EV market.
- EVs accounted for 10.2 percent of new light-duty vehicle sales in Q4 2023, marking an increase from 10.1 percent in Q3 2023 and 8.5 percent in Q4 2022.
- Throughout 2023, EVs represented 9.5 percent of new light-duty vehicle sales, up from 7 percent in 2022 and 4.3 percent in 2021.
- Over 377,000 EVs were sold in the U.S. in Q4 2023, reflecting a 34 percent increase over Q4 2022.
- The top five states for EV sales through 2023 were California (25.7 percent), the District of Columbia (19.6 percent), Washington (18.8 percent), Oregon (15.4 percent), and Colorado (15.1 percent).
- Public EV charging infrastructure continues to fall behind:
- The installation of public chargers in the U.S. is not keeping pace with current and projected EV sales.
- In 2023, the number of publicly available EV chargers increased by 27 percent compared to the previous year, while EV sales increased by 51 percent.
- Nationally, there were 377,383 EVs registered in Q4 2023, yet only 8,869 new public chargers were added, resulting in a ratio of 43 EVs for every new public port.
- Currently, there are 4.3 million EVs on the road, accounting for 1.5 percent of all light-duty vehicles in operation, with a total of 159,842 publicly available charging outlets in the U.S., translating to a ratio of 27 EVs for every public port.
- To meet the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s necessary infrastructure estimate for 2030, 1.2 million public chargers (1,067,000 Level 2 and 182,000 DC Fast) are required.
- Nearly 1.1 million additional public chargers (945,000 Level 2 and 144,000 DC Fast) need to be installed.
- Put differently, an average of 437 chargers will need to be installed daily for the next seven years—or nearly three chargers every 10 minutes—throughout 2030.
- (Level 2 ports can charge battery electric vehicles in 4-10 hours, while DC Fast ports can charge battery electric vehicles in 20 minutes to one hour.)
- Disparity in the geographic spread of EVs and charging infrastructure across the U.S. persists:
- Out of over 3,100 counties in the U.S.:
- 31 percent (983 counties) had no public charging ports by the conclusion of 2023—down from 39 percent in 2022.
- In 2023, 90 counties introduced their initial public charger.
- The top 25 counties with the highest number of public charging ports collectively represented one-third of all available U.S. public chargers.
